Second Law

For the isothermal expansion of an ideal gas in a piston cylinder system, the net heat supplied during the process is equal to the net work. Which one of the following statements i...

A furnace can supply heat steadily at 1200 K at a rate of 24000 kJ/min. The maximum amount of power (in kW) that can be produced by using the heat supplied by this furnace in an en...

The Clausius inequality holds good for

One side of a wall is maintained at $$400K$$ and the other at $$300K.$$ The rate of heat transfer through the wall is $$1000W$$ and the surrounding temperature is $${25^ \circ }C.$...

A Carnot engine $$(CE$$-$$1)$$ works between two temperature reservoirs $$A$$ and $$B,$$ where $${T_A} = 900K$$ and $${T_B} = 500K.$$ A second Carnot engine $$(CE$$-$$2)$$ works be...

Two identical metal blocks $$L$$ and $$M$$ (specific heat $$=0.4$$ $$kJ/kg.K$$), each having a mass of $$5$$ $$kg,$$ are initially at $$313$$ $$K.$$ A reversible refrigerator extra...

In an experimental set-up, air flows between two stations $$P$$ and $$Q$$ adiabatically. The direction of flow depends on the pressure and temperature conditions maintained at $$P$...

Consider the following two processes; $$\left( {\rm I} \right)$$ A heat source at $$1200$$ $$K$$ loses $$2500$$ $$kJ$$ of heat to a sink at $$800$$ $$K$$ $$\left( {\rm II} \right)$...

One kilogram of water at room temperature is brought into contact with a high temperature thermal reservoir. The entropy change of the universe is

If a closed system is undergoing an irreversible process, the entropy of the system

A heat transformer is a device that transfers a part of the heat, supplied to it at an intermediate temperature, to a high temperature reservoir while rejecting the remaining part...

A steel billet of $$2000$$ $$kg$$ mass is to be cooled from $$1250$$ $$K$$ to $$450$$ $$K.$$ The heat released during this process is to be used as a source of energy. The ambient...

A system undergoes a state change from $$1$$ to $$2.$$ According to the second law of thermodynamics, for the process to be feasible, the entropy changes, $${S_2} - {S_1}$$ of the...

When a system executes an irreversible cycle: