Digital Communication

A wireless digital transmission scheme is using 16-QAM over an additive white Gaussian noise channel and a maximum-likelihood receiver. Consider the information bit rate from sourc...

A digital communication system transmits through a noiseless bandlimited channel [-W W]. The received signal z(t) at the output of the receiving filter is given by $z(t) = \sum_n b...

The information bit sequence {111010101} is to be transmitted by encoding with Cyclic Redundancy Check 4 (CRC-4) code, for which the generator polynomial is C(x) = x⁴ + x + 1. The...

A digital communication system transmits through a noiseless bandlimited channel $[-W, W]$. The received signal $z(t)$ at the output of the receiving filter is given by $z(t) = \su...

Consider a channel over which either symbol x A or symbol x B is transmitted. Let the output of the channel Y be the input to a maximum likelihood (ML) detector at the receiver. Th...

A digital communication system transmits a block of $N$ bits. The probability of error in decoding a bit is $\alpha$. The error event of each bit is independent of the error events...

In a digital communication system, a symbol $S$ randomly chosen from the set $\left\{s_1, s_2, s_3, s_4\right\}$ is transmitted. It is given that $s_1=-3, s_2=-1, s_3=+1$ and $s_4=...

A linear Hamming code is used to map 4-bit messages to 7-bit codewords. The encoder mapping is linear. If the message 0001 is mapped to the codeword 0000111, and the message 0011 i...

In a digital communication system, the overall pulse shape p(t) at the receiver before the sampler has the Fourier transform P(f). If the symbols are transmitted at the rate of 200...

A binary baseband digital communication system employs the signal $$$p\left( t \right) = \left\{ {\matrix{ {{1 \over {\sqrt {{T_s}} }},} & {0 \le t \le {T_s}} \cr {0,} & {otherwise...

A source emits bit 0 with probability $${1 \over 3}$$ and bit 1 with probability $${2 \over 3}$$. The emitted bits are communicated to the receiver. The receiver decides for either...

The bit rate of a digital communication system is R kbits/s. The modulation used is 32-QAM. The minimum bandwidth required for ISI free transmission is

In delta modulation, the slope overload distortion can be reduced by

Consider a binary digital communication system with equally likely $$0’s$$ and $$1’s$$. When binary $$0$$ is transmitted the voltage at the detector input can lie between the level...

If E b , the energy per bit of a binary digital signal, is 10 -5 watt-sec and the one-sided power spectral density of the white noise, N 0 = 10 -6 W/Hz, then the output SNR of the...

The input to a linear delta modulator having a step size $$\Delta $$ = 0.628 is a sine wave with frequency f m and peak amplitude E m . If the sampling frequency f s = 40 KHz. the...

The signal to quantization noise ratio in an n-bit PCM system

In a digital communication system, transmissions of successive bits through a noisy channel are assumed to be independent events with error probability p. The probability of at mos...