Transport Layer

Consider a new TCP connection between a sender and a receiver. The receiver advertised window is constant at 48 KB , the maximum segment size (MSS) is 2 KB , and the slow start threshold for TCP congestion control is 16...

A TCP sender successfully establishes a connection with a TCP receiver and starts the transmission of segments. The TCP congestion control mechanism's slow-start threshold is set to 10000 segments. Assume that the round-...

With respect to a TCP connection between a client and a server, which one of the following statements is true?

Consider the 3-way handshaking protocol for TCP connection establishment. Let the three packets exchanged during the connection establishment be denoted as P1, P2 and P3, in order. Which of the following option(s) is/are...

Consider a TCP connection operating at a point of time with the congestion window of size 12 MSS (Maximum Segment Size), when a timeout occurs due to packet loss. Assuming that all the segments transmitted in the next tw...

TCP client P successfully establishes a connection to TCP server Q. Let $N_P$ denote the sequence number in the SYN sent from P to Q. Let $N_Q$ denote the acknowledgement number in the SYN ACK from Q to P. Which of the f...

Suppose you are asked to design a new reliable byte-stream transport protocol like TCP. This protocol, named myTCP, runs over a 100 Mbps network with Round Trip Time of 150 milliseconds and the maximum segment lifetime o...

Consider the data transfer using TCP over a 1 Gbps link. Assuming that the maximum segment lifetime (MSL) is set to 60 seconds, the minimum number of bits required for the sequence number field of the TCP header, to prev...

Consider the three-way handshake mechanism followed during TCP connection establishment between hosts P and Q. Let X and Y be two random 32-bit starting sequence numbers chosen by P and Q respectively. Suppose P sends a...

A TCP server application is programmed to listen on port number P on host S. A TCP client connected to the TCP server over the network. Consider that while the TCP connection was active, the server machine S crashed are...

Consider a TCP connection between a client and a server with the following specifications: the round trip time is 6 ms, the size of the receiver advertised window is 50 KB, slow start threshold at the client is 32 KB, an...

Consider a long-lived $$TCP$$ session with an end-to-end bandwidth of $$1$$ $$Gbps$$ ($$ = {10^9}\,$$ bits-persecond). The session starts with a sequence number of $$1234.$$ The minimum time (in seconds, rounded to the c...

Match the following Field Length in bits P. UDP Header’s Port Number I. 48 Q. Ethernet MAC Address II. 8 R. IPv6 Next Header III. 32 S. TCP Header’s Sequence Number IV. 16

Consider the following statements regarding the slow start phase of the $$TCP$$ congestion control algorithm. Note that $$cwnd$$ stands for the $$TCP$$ congestion window and $$MSS$$ denotes the Maximum Segment Size. $$(i...

Assume that the bandwidth for a TCP connection is 1048560 bits/sec. Let $$\alpha $$ be the value of RTT in milliseconds(rounded off to the nearest integer) after which the TCP window scale option is needed. Let $$\beta $...

Suppose two hosts use a TCP connection to transfer a large file. Which of the following statements is/are FALSE with respect to the TCP connection? I. If the sequence number of a segment is m, then the sequence number of...

Consider the following statements. I. TCP connections are full duplex II. TCP has no option for selective acknowledgment III. TCP connections are message streams

Identify the correct order in which a server process must invoke the function calls accept, bind, listen, and recv according to UNIX socket APL

Let the size of congestion window of a TCP connection be 32 KB when a timeout occurs. The round trip time of the connection is 100 msec and the maximum segment size used is 2 KB. The time taken ( in msec ) by the TCP con...

Which one of the following socket API functions converts an unconnected active TCP socket into a passive socket?

The transport layer protocols used for real time multimedia, file transfer, DNS and email, respectively are

Consider an instance of TCP’s Additive Increase Multiplicative Decrease (AIMD) algorithm where the window size at the start of the slow start phase is 2 MSS and the threshold at the start of the first transmission is 8 M...

What is the maximum size of data that the application layer can pass on to the TCP layer below?

A client process P needs to make a TCP connection to a server process S. Consider the following situation: the server process S executes a socket( ), a bind( ) and a listen( ) system call in that order, following which i...

Which of the following system calls results in the sending of SYN packets?

In the slow start phase of the TCP congestion control algorithm, the size of the congestion window

Packets of the same session may be routed through different paths in

Suppose that the maximum transmit window size for a TCP connection is 12000 bytes. Each packet consists of 2000 bytes. At some point of time, the connection is slow start phase with a current transmit window of 4000 byte...

Which of the following functionalities must be implemented by a transport protocol over and above the network protocol?