fluid mechanics

Two reservoirs having different water levels are connected by two long parallel pipelines of same length and same material but having diameters of 600 mm and 400 mm. Using Darcy-We...

The cross section of a 0.5 m wide vertical gate holding water and oil is shown in the figure. The unit weights of water and oil are 10 kN/m³ and 7.5 kN/m³, respectively. The horizo...

A hydraulic jump occurs in an open channel when the slope of the channel changes from _________.

For a flowing fluid, a dimensionless combination of velocity (V), length scale (l), and acceleration due to gravity (g) would be

For the Bernoulli's equation to be applicable in a fluid flow situation, which of the following conditions is/are to be satisfied:

Consider steady flow of water in the series pipe system shown below, with specified discharge. The diameters of Pipes A and B are 2 m and 1 m, respectively. The lengths of pipes A...

Consider flow in a long and very wide rectangular open channel. Width of the channel can be considered as infinity compared to the depth of flow. Uniform flow depth is 1.0 m. The b...

The drag force, $F_D$ on a sphere due to a fluid flowing past the sphere is a function of viscosity, $\mu$, the mass density, $\rho$, the velocity of flow, $V$, and the diameter of...

The shaft of a 6 m wide gate in the figure will fail at a moment of 3924 kN.m about the hinge P. The maximum value of water depth h (in m) that the gate can hold is ________ (round...

The following figure shows a plot between shear stress and velocity gradient for materials/fluids P, Q, R, S, and T. Which one of the following options is CORRECT?

A 2 m wide rectangular channel is carrying a discharge of 30 m³/s at a bed slope of 1 in 300. Assuming the energy correction factor as 1.1 and acceleration due to gravity as 10 m/s...

A 500 m long water distribution pipeline P with diameter 1.0 m, is used to convey 0.1 m³/s of flow. A new pipeline Q, with the same length and flow rate, is to replace P. The frict...

A spillway has unit discharge of 7.5 m³/s/m. The flow depth at the downstream horizontal apron is 0.5 m. The tail water depth (in meters) required to form a hydraulic jump is _____...

A 2m x 1.5 m tank of 6 m height is provided with a 100 mm diameter orifice at the center of its base. The orifice is plugged and the tank is filled up to 5 m height. Consider the a...

A rectangular channel is 4.0 m wide and carries a discharge of 2.0 m³/s with a depth of 0.4 m. The channel transitions to a maximum width contraction at a downstream location, with...

A 5 m × 5 m closed tank of 10 m height contains water and oil, and is connected to an overhead water reservoir as shown in the figure. Use $\gamma_w$ = 10 kN/m³ and Specific gravit...

A 2 m × 1.5 m tank of 6 m height is provided with a 100 mm diameter orifice at the center of its base. The orifice is plugged and the tank is filled up to 5 m height. Consider the...

The pressure in a pipe at X is to be measured by an open manometer as shown in figure. Fluid A is oil with a specific gravity of 0.8 and Fluid B is mercury with a specific gravity...

The critical flow condition in a channel is given by _________ [Note: α - kinetic energy correction factor; Q - discharge; A_c - cross-sectional area of flow at critical flow condi...

A jet of water having a velocity of 20 m/s strikes a series of plates fixed radially on a wheel revolving in the same direction as the jet at 15 m/s. What is the percentage efficie...

Which of the following statements is/are TRUE?

The dimension of dynamic viscosity is:

Water is flowing in a horizontal, frictionless, rectangular channel. A smooth hump is built on the channel floor at a section and its height is gradually increased to reach choked...

A hydraulic jump takes place in a 6 m wide rectangular channel at a point where the upstream depth is 0.5 m (just before the jump). If the discharge in the channel is 30 m³/s and t...

Two reservoirs are connected by two parallel pipes of equal length and of diameters 20 cm and 10 cm, as shown in the figure (not drawn to scale). When the difference in the water l...

With respect to fluid flow, match the following in Column X with Column Y: Column X Column Y P. Viscosity I. Mach number Q. Gravity II. Reynolds number R. Compressibility III. Eule...

If water is flowing at the same depth in most hydraulically efficient triangular and rectangular channel sections then the ratio of hydraulic radius of triangular section to that o...

A rectangular open channel of 6 m width is carrying a discharge of 20 m³/s. Consider the acceleration due to gravity as 9.81 m/s² and assume water as incompressible and inviscid. T...

A fluid flowing steadily in a circular pipe of radius R has a velocity that is everywhere parallel to the axis (centerline) of the pipe. The velocity distribution along the radial...

A fire hose nozzle directs a steady stream of water of velocity 50 m/s at an angle of 45° above the horizontal. The stream rises initially but then eventually falls to the ground....

A cylinder (2.0 m diameter, 3.0 m long and 25 kN weight) is acted upon by water on one side and oil (specific gravity = 0.8) on other side as shown in the figure. The absolute rati...

A venturimeter as shown in the figure (not to scale) is connected to measure the flow of water in a vertical pipe of 20 cm diameter. Assume g = 9.8 m/s². When the deflection in the...

Water flows at the rate of 12 m³/s in a 6 m wide rectangular channel. A hydraulic jump is formed in the channel at a point where the upstream depth is 30 cm (just before the jump)....

A solid sphere of radius, r, and made of material with density, $\rho_s$, is moving through the atmosphere (constant pressure, p) with a velocity, v. The net force ONLY due to atmo...

A circular duct carrying water gradually contracts from a diameter of 30 cm to 15 cm. The figure (not drawn to scale) shows the arrangement of differential manometer attached to th...

A rectangular open channel has a width of 5 m and a bed slope of 0.001. For a uniform flow of depth 2 m, the velocity is 2 m/s. The Manning's roughness coefficient for the channel...

At the foot of a spillway, water flows at a depth of 23 cm with a velocity of 8.1 m/s, as shown in the figure. The flow enters as an M-3 profile in the long wide rectangular channe...

Two identical pipes (i.e., having the same length, same diameter, and same roughness) are used to withdraw water from a reservoir. In the first case, they are attached in series an...

Two water reservoirs are connected by a siphon (running full) of total length 5000 m and diameter of 0.10 m, as shown below (figure not drawn to scale). The inlet leg length of the...

If a centrifugal pump has an impeller speed of N (in rpm), discharge Q (in m³/s) and the total head H (in m), the expression for the specific speed Ns of the pump is given by

For a steady incompressible laminar flow between two infinite parallel stationary plates, the shear stress variation is

A flow field is given by u = y², v = -xy, w = 0. Value of the z-component of the angular velocity (in radians per unit time, up to two decimal places) at the point (0, -1, 1) is __...

A 1:50 model of a spillway is to be tested in the laboratory. The discharge in the prototype spillway is 1000 m³/s. The corresponding discharge (in m³/s, up to two decimal places)...

A 10 m wide rectangular channel carries a discharge of 20 m³/s under critical condition. Using g = 9.81 m/s², the specific energy (in m, up to two decimal places) is _________

A triangular pipe network is shown in the figure. The head loss in each pipe is given by hf = rQ^1.8, with the variables expressed in a consistent set of units. The value of r for...

In a 5 m wide rectangular channel, the velocity u distribution in the vertical direction y is given by $u=1.25y^{\frac{1}{6}}$. The distance y is measured from the channel bed. If...

A three-fluid system (immiscible) is connected to a vacuum pump. The specific gravity values of the fluids (S1, S2) are given in the figure. Unit weight of water, $\gamma_w$ = 9.81...

A rough pipe of 0.5 m diameter, 300 m length and roughness height of 0.25 mm, carries water (kinematic viscosity = 0.9×10⁻⁶ m²/s) with velocity of 3 m/s. Friction factor (f) for la...

A sluice gate used to control the flow in a horizontal channel of unit width is shown in the figure. It is observed that the depth of flow is 1.0 m upstream of the gate, while the...

Water flows through a 90° bend in a horizontal plane as depicted in the figure. A pressure of 140 kPa is measured at Section 1-1. The inlet diameter marked at Section 1-1 is $\frac...

A liquid of density $$\mathrm\rho$$ and dynamic viscosity $$\mathrm\mu$$ flows steadily down an inclined plane in a thin sheet of constant thickness t. Neglecting air friction the...

Shear stress develops on a fluid element, if the fluid