SBI PO 2023 PYQs

Question 1

Directions (Qs 1-9): Carefully read the provided passage to respond to the subsequent questions. Each question will present five answer options. Select the appropriate option as your answer.
Pink Tax is commonly used to describe a situation wherein things associated with women are priced higher than those with men. Generally speaking, women pay more than males for similar items. The pink tax is not enforced by the government but by the businesses selling the products. According to experts, the pricing disparity is due to market forces. The pink tax has long imposed an economic burden on women around the world—especially
since
women continue to earn less than men.
According to a study _________ the New York City Department of Consumer Affairs in 2015, women's products are typically more expensive than men's without a proper reason. The study concluded that products explicitly marketed for women cost seven per cent more on average than products sold for men. This discrepancy includes apparel, toys, and healthcare products, among other things. The largest discrepancy came to personal care/hygiene products, where women's products cost 13 per cent more than men's.
Several countries have investigated the pink tax, including Argentina, France, Germany, the UK, Australia, and Italy. For example, in the UK, it was found that women and girls were being charged, on average, 37 per cent more for toys, cosmetics, and clothes than their male counterparts. In the UK, girls' school uniforms were also 12 per cent more expensive than boys' uniforms. In Singapore, a check by the Sunday Times on 10 companies found that women pay more for some products and services, such as dry cleaning and razors, offered by around half of these companies. Additionally, women in Singapore have to pay more premiums for Careshield Life, a national long-term care insurance scheme introduced by the government.
Examples of pink tax in India include salon services, personal care goods such as shampoos, soaps, and deodorants, as well as clothing, toys, and accessories such as jewelry. Presently, women are heavily exploited by vegan products and non-animal-tested cosmetics that are significantly more expensive, a
form
of taxation.

What’s the synonym of the word ‘since’ as used in the passage?

Accepted Answer

In the context of the passage, 'since' is used to mean 'because' or 'as', indicating a reason. Therefore, 'as' is the most appropriate synonym.

Question 2

Directions (Qs 1-8): Read the passage given below and then answer the questions given below the passage. Some words may be highlighted for your attention. Pay careful attention.
Mumbai, often referred to as the financial capital of India, is not only known for its
bustling
markets, impressive skyline, and vibrant culture but also for its remarkably complex and extensive railway network. The Mumbai Railway, or Mumbai Suburban Railway, forms the lifeline of the city, ferrying millions of commuters daily across its sprawling length and breadth. This suburban rail system is one of the oldest and busiest railway networks in Asia and plays a crucial role in the functioning of Mumbai. The Mumbai Suburban Railway is operated by Indian Railways' two divisions: the Western Railways (WR) and the Central Railways (CR). With a history dating back to 1853, when the first train ran from Bori Bunder (now Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus) to Thane, the railway has grown exponentially. Today, it serves not only as a mode of transport but also as a cultural microcosm, reflecting the diverse population of Mumbai. The network covers a
substantial
distance with its three main lines: the Western Line, Central Line, and Harbour Line. The Western Line runs parallel to the west coast of Mumbai, from Churchgate to Dahanu Road. The Central Line stretches from Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus to Kasara and Khopoli, while the Harbour Line branches off from the Central Line and extends to both Panvel and Goregaon, covering Navi Mumbai in the process. The suburban trains, often referred to as "locals," are the backbone of daily travel for more than 7.5 million commuters. The trains are designed in a way to handle the city's high traffic demands, with runs spaced as little as three minutes apart during peak hours. Despite being crowded, they remain the fastest and most efficient means of transport within the city. Each train comprises a series of ‘coaches’ that include general, first-class, women's, senior citizens', and disabled coaches to cater to different segments of the population. One of the most significant developments in recent years has been the introduction of the Mumbai Metro and the Monorail, designed to complement the existing railway system and ease congestion. However, the suburban railway remains unmatched in its reach and utility. The local trains have seen several upgrades over the years, including the introduction of new, more comfortable and faster trains. Safety remains a critical concern for the Mumbai Railway, given the massive volume of passengers. Efforts have been made continuously to improve safety standards, including the introduction of advanced signalling systems, improved station facilities, and increased security measures. Trespassing on tracks, overcrowding, and accidents at level crossings remain challenges that the authorities strive to manage. Mumbai Railway has not only economic significance but also cultural importance. The daily commute on these trains is a unique experience, with vendors selling everything from snacks to electronics on board, and performers entertaining evening commuters. It is a space where people from all walks of life come together, creating a unique sense of community. The stations themselves, many of which are historic, serve as landmarks and are an integral part of the city's identity. Among the most famous of these is the Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus, a UNESCO World Heritage Site known for its Victorian Gothic architecture. Built in 1887, the station is a bustling terminus serving both long-distance and suburban trains, symbolizing the grandeur and heritage of Mumbai. In conclusion, the Mumbai Suburban Railway is not just a transit system but a dynamic entity that reflects the spirit of Mumbai. It plays a fundamental role in the daily lives of its residents, shaping the city's rhythm and contributing to its identity.

According to the passage, which are the two divisions that operate the Mumbai Suburban Railway?

Accepted Answer

The passage explicitly states that the Mumbai Suburban Railway is operated by Central Railways and Western Railways. This is a direct fact retrieval question.

Question 3

Directions (Qs 1-9): Carefully read the provided passage to respond to the subsequent questions. Each question will present five answer options. Select the appropriate option as your answer.
Pink Tax is commonly used to describe a situation wherein things associated with women are priced higher than those with men. Generally speaking, women pay more than males for similar items. The pink tax is not enforced by the government but by the businesses selling the products. According to experts, the pricing disparity is due to market forces. The pink tax has long imposed an economic burden on women around the world—especially
since
women continue to earn less than men.
According to a study _________ the New York City Department of Consumer Affairs in 2015, women's products are typically more expensive than men's without a proper reason. The study concluded that products explicitly marketed for women cost seven per cent more on average than products sold for men. This discrepancy includes apparel, toys, and healthcare products, among other things. The largest discrepancy came to personal care/hygiene products, where women's products cost 13 per cent more than men's.
Several countries have investigated the pink tax, including Argentina, France, Germany, the UK, Australia, and Italy. For example, in the UK, it was found that women and girls were being charged, on average, 37 per cent more for toys, cosmetics, and clothes than their male counterparts. In the UK, girls' school uniforms were also 12 per cent more expensive than boys' uniforms. In Singapore, a check by the Sunday Times on 10 companies found that women pay more for some products and services, such as dry cleaning and razors, offered by around half of these companies. Additionally, women in Singapore have to pay more premiums for Careshield Life, a national long-term care insurance scheme introduced by the government.
Examples of pink tax in India include salon services, personal care goods such as shampoos, soaps, and deodorants, as well as clothing, toys, and accessories such as jewelry. Presently, women are heavily exploited by vegan products and non-animal-tested cosmetics that are significantly more expensive, a
form
of taxation.

Select the most appropriate synonym of the given word.Form

Accepted Answer

The word 'Form' can mean a type or kind. Therefore, 'Type' is the most appropriate synonym among the given options.

Question 4

Directions (Qs 1-9): Read the given passage carefully to answer the following questions. Each question will have five alternatives as its answer. Choose the correct option as your answer.
Effective management of plantations is essential for balancing economic viability with environmental sustainability. Plantations, vast tracts of land dedicated to single crops like tea, rubber, or coffee, must navigate various challenges through innovative strategies.
A key aspect of successful plantation management is maintaining soil health. This is achieved through organic practices and nutrient replenishment, preventing the degradation associated with intensive agriculture. Efficient water management is also crucial, especially in regions facing water scarcity. Techniques like drip irrigation and rainwater harvesting ensure optimal water use while _______ resources.
Additionally, modern plantations employ advanced technology to monitor plant health and manage irrigation systems, allowing for swift, informed decision-making. This integration of technology helps address issues proactively, enhancing overall productivity.
Despite technological advances, ensuring fair labor practices
keeps being easy.
Plantations are often remote, requiring management to safeguard workers’ rights and improve living conditions, fostering a productive, harmonious work environment.
One afternoon, as the manager
ran
a final check on the new irrigation setup, she reflected on the progress towards sustainability. It underscored how traditional agriculture could adapt and thrive amidst evolving environmental and social demands. By embracing sustainable practices, technology, and ethical management, plantations can continue to be pillars of rural economies and contribute positively to global ecological balance.

What is the primary goal of sustainable plantation management as described in the passage?

Accepted Answer

The passage emphasizes balancing economic needs with environmental protection. Option 2 directly reflects this dual objective, making it the primary goal of sustainable management.

Question 5

Directions (Qs 1-8): Read the passage given below and then answer the questions given below the passage. Some words may be highlighted for your attention. Pay careful attention.
Mumbai, often referred to as the financial capital of India, is not only known for its
bustling
markets, impressive skyline, and vibrant culture but also for its remarkably complex and extensive railway network. The Mumbai Railway, or Mumbai Suburban Railway, forms the lifeline of the city, ferrying millions of commuters daily across its sprawling length and breadth. This suburban rail system is one of the oldest and busiest railway networks in Asia and plays a crucial role in the functioning of Mumbai. The Mumbai Suburban Railway is operated by Indian Railways' two divisions: the Western Railways (WR) and the Central Railways (CR). With a history dating back to 1853, when the first train ran from Bori Bunder (now Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus) to Thane, the railway has grown exponentially. Today, it serves not only as a mode of transport but also as a cultural microcosm, reflecting the diverse population of Mumbai. The network covers a
substantial
distance with its three main lines: the Western Line, Central Line, and Harbour Line. The Western Line runs parallel to the west coast of Mumbai, from Churchgate to Dahanu Road. The Central Line stretches from Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus to Kasara and Khopoli, while the Harbour Line branches off from the Central Line and extends to both Panvel and Goregaon, covering Navi Mumbai in the process. The suburban trains, often referred to as "locals," are the backbone of daily travel for more than 7.5 million commuters. The trains are designed in a way to handle the city's high traffic demands, with runs spaced as little as three minutes apart during peak hours. Despite being crowded, they remain the fastest and most efficient means of transport within the city. Each train comprises a series of ‘coaches’ that include general, first-class, women's, senior citizens', and disabled coaches to cater to different segments of the population. One of the most significant developments in recent years has been the introduction of the Mumbai Metro and the Monorail, designed to complement the existing railway system and ease congestion. However, the suburban railway remains unmatched in its reach and utility. The local trains have seen several upgrades over the years, including the introduction of new, more comfortable and faster trains. Safety remains a critical concern for the Mumbai Railway, given the massive volume of passengers. Efforts have been made continuously to improve safety standards, including the introduction of advanced signalling systems, improved station facilities, and increased security measures. Trespassing on tracks, overcrowding, and accidents at level crossings remain challenges that the authorities strive to manage. Mumbai Railway has not only economic significance but also cultural importance. The daily commute on these trains is a unique experience, with vendors selling everything from snacks to electronics on board, and performers entertaining evening commuters. It is a space where people from all walks of life come together, creating a unique sense of community. The stations themselves, many of which are historic, serve as landmarks and are an integral part of the city's identity. Among the most famous of these is the Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus, a UNESCO World Heritage Site known for its Victorian Gothic architecture. Built in 1887, the station is a bustling terminus serving both long-distance and suburban trains, symbolizing the grandeur and heritage of Mumbai. In conclusion, the Mumbai Suburban Railway is not just a transit system but a dynamic entity that reflects the spirit of Mumbai. It plays a fundamental role in the daily lives of its residents, shaping the city's rhythm and contributing to its identity.

Which of the following is not true according to the passage?

Accepted Answer

The passage states the first train ran from Bori Bunder to Thane, not Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus to Kasara. Option 1 is therefore not true.

Question 6

Directions (Qs 1-9): Carefully read the provided passage to respond to the subsequent questions. Each question will present five answer options. Select the appropriate option as your answer.
Pink Tax is commonly used to describe a situation wherein things associated with women are priced higher than those with men. Generally speaking, women pay more than males for similar items. The pink tax is not enforced by the government but by the businesses selling the products. According to experts, the pricing disparity is due to market forces. The pink tax has long imposed an economic burden on women around the world—especially
since
women continue to earn less than men.
According to a study _________ the New York City Department of Consumer Affairs in 2015, women's products are typically more expensive than men's without a proper reason. The study concluded that products explicitly marketed for women cost seven per cent more on average than products sold for men. This discrepancy includes apparel, toys, and healthcare products, among other things. The largest discrepancy came to personal care/hygiene products, where women's products cost 13 per cent more than men's.
Several countries have investigated the pink tax, including Argentina, France, Germany, the UK, Australia, and Italy. For example, in the UK, it was found that women and girls were being charged, on average, 37 per cent more for toys, cosmetics, and clothes than their male counterparts. In the UK, girls' school uniforms were also 12 per cent more expensive than boys' uniforms. In Singapore, a check by the Sunday Times on 10 companies found that women pay more for some products and services, such as dry cleaning and razors, offered by around half of these companies. Additionally, women in Singapore have to pay more premiums for Careshield Life, a national long-term care insurance scheme introduced by the government.
Examples of pink tax in India include salon services, personal care goods such as shampoos, soaps, and deodorants, as well as clothing, toys, and accessories such as jewelry. Presently, women are heavily exploited by vegan products and non-animal-tested cosmetics that are significantly more expensive, a
form
of taxation.

Which of the following options would be suitable for the blank given in the passage?

Accepted Answer

The preposition 'by' is used to indicate the agent or means through which an action is performed, fitting the context of the blank.

Question 7

Directions (Qs 1-9): Read the given passage carefully to answer the following questions. Each question will have five alternatives as its answer. Choose the correct option as your answer.
Effective management of plantations is essential for balancing economic viability with environmental sustainability. Plantations, vast tracts of land dedicated to single crops like tea, rubber, or coffee, must navigate various challenges through innovative strategies.
A key aspect of successful plantation management is maintaining soil health. This is achieved through organic practices and nutrient replenishment, preventing the degradation associated with intensive agriculture. Efficient water management is also crucial, especially in regions facing water scarcity. Techniques like drip irrigation and rainwater harvesting ensure optimal water use while _______ resources.
Additionally, modern plantations employ advanced technology to monitor plant health and manage irrigation systems, allowing for swift, informed decision-making. This integration of technology helps address issues proactively, enhancing overall productivity.
Despite technological advances, ensuring fair labor practices
keeps being easy.
Plantations are often remote, requiring management to safeguard workers’ rights and improve living conditions, fostering a productive, harmonious work environment.
One afternoon, as the manager
ran
a final check on the new irrigation setup, she reflected on the progress towards sustainability. It underscored how traditional agriculture could adapt and thrive amidst evolving environmental and social demands. By embracing sustainable practices, technology, and ethical management, plantations can continue to be pillars of rural economies and contribute positively to global ecological balance.

Fill in the Blank:Techniques like drip irrigation and rainwater harvesting ensure optimal water use while __________ resources.

Accepted Answer

Drip irrigation and rainwater harvesting are methods to save water. Therefore, the word that fits the blank must mean 'saving' or 'protecting' resources, which is 'conserving'.

Question 8

Directions (Qs 1-8): Read the passage given below and then answer the questions given below the passage. Some words may be highlighted for your attention. Pay careful attention.
Mumbai, often referred to as the financial capital of India, is not only known for its
bustling
markets, impressive skyline, and vibrant culture but also for its remarkably complex and extensive railway network. The Mumbai Railway, or Mumbai Suburban Railway, forms the lifeline of the city, ferrying millions of commuters daily across its sprawling length and breadth. This suburban rail system is one of the oldest and busiest railway networks in Asia and plays a crucial role in the functioning of Mumbai. The Mumbai Suburban Railway is operated by Indian Railways' two divisions: the Western Railways (WR) and the Central Railways (CR). With a history dating back to 1853, when the first train ran from Bori Bunder (now Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus) to Thane, the railway has grown exponentially. Today, it serves not only as a mode of transport but also as a cultural microcosm, reflecting the diverse population of Mumbai. The network covers a
substantial
distance with its three main lines: the Western Line, Central Line, and Harbour Line. The Western Line runs parallel to the west coast of Mumbai, from Churchgate to Dahanu Road. The Central Line stretches from Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus to Kasara and Khopoli, while the Harbour Line branches off from the Central Line and extends to both Panvel and Goregaon, covering Navi Mumbai in the process. The suburban trains, often referred to as "locals," are the backbone of daily travel for more than 7.5 million commuters. The trains are designed in a way to handle the city's high traffic demands, with runs spaced as little as three minutes apart during peak hours. Despite being crowded, they remain the fastest and most efficient means of transport within the city. Each train comprises a series of ‘coaches’ that include general, first-class, women's, senior citizens', and disabled coaches to cater to different segments of the population. One of the most significant developments in recent years has been the introduction of the Mumbai Metro and the Monorail, designed to complement the existing railway system and ease congestion. However, the suburban railway remains unmatched in its reach and utility. The local trains have seen several upgrades over the years, including the introduction of new, more comfortable and faster trains. Safety remains a critical concern for the Mumbai Railway, given the massive volume of passengers. Efforts have been made continuously to improve safety standards, including the introduction of advanced signalling systems, improved station facilities, and increased security measures. Trespassing on tracks, overcrowding, and accidents at level crossings remain challenges that the authorities strive to manage. Mumbai Railway has not only economic significance but also cultural importance. The daily commute on these trains is a unique experience, with vendors selling everything from snacks to electronics on board, and performers entertaining evening commuters. It is a space where people from all walks of life come together, creating a unique sense of community. The stations themselves, many of which are historic, serve as landmarks and are an integral part of the city's identity. Among the most famous of these is the Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus, a UNESCO World Heritage Site known for its Victorian Gothic architecture. Built in 1887, the station is a bustling terminus serving both long-distance and suburban trains, symbolizing the grandeur and heritage of Mumbai. In conclusion, the Mumbai Suburban Railway is not just a transit system but a dynamic entity that reflects the spirit of Mumbai. It plays a fundamental role in the daily lives of its residents, shaping the city's rhythm and contributing to its identity.

It can be inferred from the passage that the daily commute on the Mumbai Suburban Railway:

Accepted Answer

The passage likely describes various people and activities on the Mumbai Suburban Railway, indicating a mix of cultures and lifestyles, thus reflecting Mumbai's diversity.

Question 9

Directions (Qs 1-9): Carefully read the provided passage to respond to the subsequent questions. Each question will present five answer options. Select the appropriate option as your answer.
Pink Tax is commonly used to describe a situation wherein things associated with women are priced higher than those with men. Generally speaking, women pay more than males for similar items. The pink tax is not enforced by the government but by the businesses selling the products. According to experts, the pricing disparity is due to market forces. The pink tax has long imposed an economic burden on women around the world—especially
since
women continue to earn less than men.
According to a study _________ the New York City Department of Consumer Affairs in 2015, women's products are typically more expensive than men's without a proper reason. The study concluded that products explicitly marketed for women cost seven per cent more on average than products sold for men. This discrepancy includes apparel, toys, and healthcare products, among other things. The largest discrepancy came to personal care/hygiene products, where women's products cost 13 per cent more than men's.
Several countries have investigated the pink tax, including Argentina, France, Germany, the UK, Australia, and Italy. For example, in the UK, it was found that women and girls were being charged, on average, 37 per cent more for toys, cosmetics, and clothes than their male counterparts. In the UK, girls' school uniforms were also 12 per cent more expensive than boys' uniforms. In Singapore, a check by the Sunday Times on 10 companies found that women pay more for some products and services, such as dry cleaning and razors, offered by around half of these companies. Additionally, women in Singapore have to pay more premiums for Careshield Life, a national long-term care insurance scheme introduced by the government.
Examples of pink tax in India include salon services, personal care goods such as shampoos, soaps, and deodorants, as well as clothing, toys, and accessories such as jewelry. Presently, women are heavily exploited by vegan products and non-animal-tested cosmetics that are significantly more expensive, a
form
of taxation.

Which of the following statements istrueas per the passage?

Accepted Answer

Option 4 is directly stated in the passage, detailing the products affected by the pink tax in India. The other options contain inaccuracies or are not supported by the text.

Question 10

Directions (Qs 1-9): Read the given passage carefully to answer the following questions. Each question will have five alternatives as its answer. Choose the correct option as your answer.
Effective management of plantations is essential for balancing economic viability with environmental sustainability. Plantations, vast tracts of land dedicated to single crops like tea, rubber, or coffee, must navigate various challenges through innovative strategies.
A key aspect of successful plantation management is maintaining soil health. This is achieved through organic practices and nutrient replenishment, preventing the degradation associated with intensive agriculture. Efficient water management is also crucial, especially in regions facing water scarcity. Techniques like drip irrigation and rainwater harvesting ensure optimal water use while _______ resources.
Additionally, modern plantations employ advanced technology to monitor plant health and manage irrigation systems, allowing for swift, informed decision-making. This integration of technology helps address issues proactively, enhancing overall productivity.
Despite technological advances, ensuring fair labor practices
keeps being easy.
Plantations are often remote, requiring management to safeguard workers’ rights and improve living conditions, fostering a productive, harmonious work environment.
One afternoon, as the manager
ran
a final check on the new irrigation setup, she reflected on the progress towards sustainability. It underscored how traditional agriculture could adapt and thrive amidst evolving environmental and social demands. By embracing sustainable practices, technology, and ethical management, plantations can continue to be pillars of rural economies and contribute positively to global ecological balance.

Which of the following words is similar in meaning to "crucial" as used in the passage?

Accepted Answer

The word 'crucial' means extremely important or essential. 'Vital' shares this meaning, indicating something absolutely necessary for success or existence.

Question 11

Directions (Qs 1-8): Read the passage given below and then answer the questions given below the passage. Some words may be highlighted for your attention. Pay careful attention.
Mumbai, often referred to as the financial capital of India, is not only known for its
bustling
markets, impressive skyline, and vibrant culture but also for its remarkably complex and extensive railway network. The Mumbai Railway, or Mumbai Suburban Railway, forms the lifeline of the city, ferrying millions of commuters daily across its sprawling length and breadth. This suburban rail system is one of the oldest and busiest railway networks in Asia and plays a crucial role in the functioning of Mumbai. The Mumbai Suburban Railway is operated by Indian Railways' two divisions: the Western Railways (WR) and the Central Railways (CR). With a history dating back to 1853, when the first train ran from Bori Bunder (now Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus) to Thane, the railway has grown exponentially. Today, it serves not only as a mode of transport but also as a cultural microcosm, reflecting the diverse population of Mumbai. The network covers a
substantial
distance with its three main lines: the Western Line, Central Line, and Harbour Line. The Western Line runs parallel to the west coast of Mumbai, from Churchgate to Dahanu Road. The Central Line stretches from Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus to Kasara and Khopoli, while the Harbour Line branches off from the Central Line and extends to both Panvel and Goregaon, covering Navi Mumbai in the process. The suburban trains, often referred to as "locals," are the backbone of daily travel for more than 7.5 million commuters. The trains are designed in a way to handle the city's high traffic demands, with runs spaced as little as three minutes apart during peak hours. Despite being crowded, they remain the fastest and most efficient means of transport within the city. Each train comprises a series of ‘coaches’ that include general, first-class, women's, senior citizens', and disabled coaches to cater to different segments of the population. One of the most significant developments in recent years has been the introduction of the Mumbai Metro and the Monorail, designed to complement the existing railway system and ease congestion. However, the suburban railway remains unmatched in its reach and utility. The local trains have seen several upgrades over the years, including the introduction of new, more comfortable and faster trains. Safety remains a critical concern for the Mumbai Railway, given the massive volume of passengers. Efforts have been made continuously to improve safety standards, including the introduction of advanced signalling systems, improved station facilities, and increased security measures. Trespassing on tracks, overcrowding, and accidents at level crossings remain challenges that the authorities strive to manage. Mumbai Railway has not only economic significance but also cultural importance. The daily commute on these trains is a unique experience, with vendors selling everything from snacks to electronics on board, and performers entertaining evening commuters. It is a space where people from all walks of life come together, creating a unique sense of community. The stations themselves, many of which are historic, serve as landmarks and are an integral part of the city's identity. Among the most famous of these is the Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus, a UNESCO World Heritage Site known for its Victorian Gothic architecture. Built in 1887, the station is a bustling terminus serving both long-distance and suburban trains, symbolizing the grandeur and heritage of Mumbai. In conclusion, the Mumbai Suburban Railway is not just a transit system but a dynamic entity that reflects the spirit of Mumbai. It plays a fundamental role in the daily lives of its residents, shaping the city's rhythm and contributing to its identity.

Which of the following best states the central idea of the passage?

Accepted Answer

The passage primarily discusses the Mumbai Suburban Railway's historical development and its crucial role in the city's daily life, making it the central idea.

Question 12

Directions (Qs 1-9): Carefully read the provided passage to respond to the subsequent questions. Each question will present five answer options. Select the appropriate option as your answer.
Pink Tax is commonly used to describe a situation wherein things associated with women are priced higher than those with men. Generally speaking, women pay more than males for similar items. The pink tax is not enforced by the government but by the businesses selling the products. According to experts, the pricing disparity is due to market forces. The pink tax has long imposed an economic burden on women around the world—especially
since
women continue to earn less than men.
According to a study _________ the New York City Department of Consumer Affairs in 2015, women's products are typically more expensive than men's without a proper reason. The study concluded that products explicitly marketed for women cost seven per cent more on average than products sold for men. This discrepancy includes apparel, toys, and healthcare products, among other things. The largest discrepancy came to personal care/hygiene products, where women's products cost 13 per cent more than men's.
Several countries have investigated the pink tax, including Argentina, France, Germany, the UK, Australia, and Italy. For example, in the UK, it was found that women and girls were being charged, on average, 37 per cent more for toys, cosmetics, and clothes than their male counterparts. In the UK, girls' school uniforms were also 12 per cent more expensive than boys' uniforms. In Singapore, a check by the Sunday Times on 10 companies found that women pay more for some products and services, such as dry cleaning and razors, offered by around half of these companies. Additionally, women in Singapore have to pay more premiums for Careshield Life, a national long-term care insurance scheme introduced by the government.
Examples of pink tax in India include salon services, personal care goods such as shampoos, soaps, and deodorants, as well as clothing, toys, and accessories such as jewelry. Presently, women are heavily exploited by vegan products and non-animal-tested cosmetics that are significantly more expensive, a
form
of taxation.

Findtruestatement(s) from the following:(A) The discrepancy in tax includes apparel, toys, and healthcare products, among other things.(B) The pink tax has long imposed an economic burden on women and men around the world.(C) Currently, women bear a significant financial burden due to the high costs of vegan products and non-animal-tested cosmetics, which can be considered a type of economic imposition.

Accepted Answer

Statement A correctly identifies items affected by tax discrepancies. Statement C describes the financial burden on women due to specific product costs, which aligns with economic imposition. Statement B is incorrect as pink tax primarily affects women.

Question 13

Directions (Qs 1-9): Read the given passage carefully to answer the following questions. Each question will have five alternatives as its answer. Choose the correct option as your answer.
Effective management of plantations is essential for balancing economic viability with environmental sustainability. Plantations, vast tracts of land dedicated to single crops like tea, rubber, or coffee, must navigate various challenges through innovative strategies.
A key aspect of successful plantation management is maintaining soil health. This is achieved through organic practices and nutrient replenishment, preventing the degradation associated with intensive agriculture. Efficient water management is also crucial, especially in regions facing water scarcity. Techniques like drip irrigation and rainwater harvesting ensure optimal water use while _______ resources.
Additionally, modern plantations employ advanced technology to monitor plant health and manage irrigation systems, allowing for swift, informed decision-making. This integration of technology helps address issues proactively, enhancing overall productivity.
Despite technological advances, ensuring fair labor practices
keeps being easy.
Plantations are often remote, requiring management to safeguard workers’ rights and improve living conditions, fostering a productive, harmonious work environment.
One afternoon, as the manager
ran
a final check on the new irrigation setup, she reflected on the progress towards sustainability. It underscored how traditional agriculture could adapt and thrive amidst evolving environmental and social demands. By embracing sustainable practices, technology, and ethical management, plantations can continue to be pillars of rural economies and contribute positively to global ecological balance.

According to the passage, what role does technology play in modern plantation management?

Accepted Answer

The passage explicitly states that technology helps monitor plant health and manage irrigation systems, directly matching option 2. This is a direct detail retrieval.

Question 14

Directions (Qs 5-9): Rearrange the following five sentences (A), (B), (C), (D), and (E) in the proper sequence to form a meaningful paragraph, then answer the questions below them.
A. One of the most immediate and obvious consequences of global warming is the increase in temperatures around the world.
B. That year Earth's surface temperature was 0.99 degrees Celsius warmer than the average across the entire 20th century.
C. Before 2016, 2015 was the warmest year on record, globally.
D. The average global temperature has increased by about 0.8 degrees Celsius over the past 100 years.
E. Since record-keeping began in 1895, the hottest year on record worldwide was 2016, according to NOAA and NASA data.

Which of these should be the SECOND sentence after rearrangement?

Accepted Answer

To identify the second sentence, first determine the opening sentence. Then, look for a sentence that logically follows, either by continuing the idea or providing immediate context.

Question 15

Directions (Qs 1-8): Read the passage given below and then answer the questions given below the passage. Some words may be highlighted for your attention. Pay careful attention.
Mumbai, often referred to as the financial capital of India, is not only known for its
bustling
markets, impressive skyline, and vibrant culture but also for its remarkably complex and extensive railway network. The Mumbai Railway, or Mumbai Suburban Railway, forms the lifeline of the city, ferrying millions of commuters daily across its sprawling length and breadth. This suburban rail system is one of the oldest and busiest railway networks in Asia and plays a crucial role in the functioning of Mumbai. The Mumbai Suburban Railway is operated by Indian Railways' two divisions: the Western Railways (WR) and the Central Railways (CR). With a history dating back to 1853, when the first train ran from Bori Bunder (now Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus) to Thane, the railway has grown exponentially. Today, it serves not only as a mode of transport but also as a cultural microcosm, reflecting the diverse population of Mumbai. The network covers a
substantial
distance with its three main lines: the Western Line, Central Line, and Harbour Line. The Western Line runs parallel to the west coast of Mumbai, from Churchgate to Dahanu Road. The Central Line stretches from Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus to Kasara and Khopoli, while the Harbour Line branches off from the Central Line and extends to both Panvel and Goregaon, covering Navi Mumbai in the process. The suburban trains, often referred to as "locals," are the backbone of daily travel for more than 7.5 million commuters. The trains are designed in a way to handle the city's high traffic demands, with runs spaced as little as three minutes apart during peak hours. Despite being crowded, they remain the fastest and most efficient means of transport within the city. Each train comprises a series of ‘coaches’ that include general, first-class, women's, senior citizens', and disabled coaches to cater to different segments of the population. One of the most significant developments in recent years has been the introduction of the Mumbai Metro and the Monorail, designed to complement the existing railway system and ease congestion. However, the suburban railway remains unmatched in its reach and utility. The local trains have seen several upgrades over the years, including the introduction of new, more comfortable and faster trains. Safety remains a critical concern for the Mumbai Railway, given the massive volume of passengers. Efforts have been made continuously to improve safety standards, including the introduction of advanced signalling systems, improved station facilities, and increased security measures. Trespassing on tracks, overcrowding, and accidents at level crossings remain challenges that the authorities strive to manage. Mumbai Railway has not only economic significance but also cultural importance. The daily commute on these trains is a unique experience, with vendors selling everything from snacks to electronics on board, and performers entertaining evening commuters. It is a space where people from all walks of life come together, creating a unique sense of community. The stations themselves, many of which are historic, serve as landmarks and are an integral part of the city's identity. Among the most famous of these is the Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus, a UNESCO World Heritage Site known for its Victorian Gothic architecture. Built in 1887, the station is a bustling terminus serving both long-distance and suburban trains, symbolizing the grandeur and heritage of Mumbai. In conclusion, the Mumbai Suburban Railway is not just a transit system but a dynamic entity that reflects the spirit of Mumbai. It plays a fundamental role in the daily lives of its residents, shaping the city's rhythm and contributing to its identity.

According to the passage, which of the given statements is/are correct?A) The Mumbai Suburban Railway played a role in the establishment of Mumbai's impressive skyline.B) Efforts have been made to improve safety standards on the railway.C) The Western Line runs from Churchgate to Dahanu Road.

Accepted Answer

The passage states that safety standards have been improved. It also mentions the Western Line runs from Churchgate to Dahanu Road. Statement A is not supported by the passage.

Question 16

Directions (Qs 1-9): Carefully read the provided passage to respond to the subsequent questions. Each question will present five answer options. Select the appropriate option as your answer.
Pink Tax is commonly used to describe a situation wherein things associated with women are priced higher than those with men. Generally speaking, women pay more than males for similar items. The pink tax is not enforced by the government but by the businesses selling the products. According to experts, the pricing disparity is due to market forces. The pink tax has long imposed an economic burden on women around the world—especially
since
women continue to earn less than men.
According to a study _________ the New York City Department of Consumer Affairs in 2015, women's products are typically more expensive than men's without a proper reason. The study concluded that products explicitly marketed for women cost seven per cent more on average than products sold for men. This discrepancy includes apparel, toys, and healthcare products, among other things. The largest discrepancy came to personal care/hygiene products, where women's products cost 13 per cent more than men's.
Several countries have investigated the pink tax, including Argentina, France, Germany, the UK, Australia, and Italy. For example, in the UK, it was found that women and girls were being charged, on average, 37 per cent more for toys, cosmetics, and clothes than their male counterparts. In the UK, girls' school uniforms were also 12 per cent more expensive than boys' uniforms. In Singapore, a check by the Sunday Times on 10 companies found that women pay more for some products and services, such as dry cleaning and razors, offered by around half of these companies. Additionally, women in Singapore have to pay more premiums for Careshield Life, a national long-term care insurance scheme introduced by the government.
Examples of pink tax in India include salon services, personal care goods such as shampoos, soaps, and deodorants, as well as clothing, toys, and accessories such as jewelry. Presently, women are heavily exploited by vegan products and non-animal-tested cosmetics that are significantly more expensive, a
form
of taxation.

According to the passage, what is the primary reason for the pricing inequality known as the "pink tax"?

Accepted Answer

The passage states that market forces, specifically supply and demand, are the primary drivers of the 'pink tax'. It emphasizes that businesses set prices based on these dynamics, not government regulations or direct taxation.

Question 17

Directions (Qs 1-9): Read the given passage carefully to answer the following questions. Each question will have five alternatives as its answer. Choose the correct option as your answer.
Effective management of plantations is essential for balancing economic viability with environmental sustainability. Plantations, vast tracts of land dedicated to single crops like tea, rubber, or coffee, must navigate various challenges through innovative strategies.
A key aspect of successful plantation management is maintaining soil health. This is achieved through organic practices and nutrient replenishment, preventing the degradation associated with intensive agriculture. Efficient water management is also crucial, especially in regions facing water scarcity. Techniques like drip irrigation and rainwater harvesting ensure optimal water use while _______ resources.
Additionally, modern plantations employ advanced technology to monitor plant health and manage irrigation systems, allowing for swift, informed decision-making. This integration of technology helps address issues proactively, enhancing overall productivity.
Despite technological advances, ensuring fair labor practices
keeps being easy.
Plantations are often remote, requiring management to safeguard workers’ rights and improve living conditions, fostering a productive, harmonious work environment.
One afternoon, as the manager
ran
a final check on the new irrigation setup, she reflected on the progress towards sustainability. It underscored how traditional agriculture could adapt and thrive amidst evolving environmental and social demands. By embracing sustainable practices, technology, and ethical management, plantations can continue to be pillars of rural economies and contribute positively to global ecological balance.

Which of the following is/areTRUEaccording to the given passage?A. Plantations often face challenges that require innovative strategies.B. Efficient water management is crucial for plantations, especially those in water-scarce regions.C. The passage states that technological advances have completely eliminated the need for traditional agricultural practices.

Accepted Answer

The passage implies plantations face challenges needing innovation (A) and highlights efficient water management for water-scarce regions (B). Statement C is incorrect as the passage doesn't claim technology completely eliminated traditional practices.

Question 18

Directions (Qs 5-9): Rearrange the following five sentences (A), (B), (C), (D), and (E) in the proper sequence to form a meaningful paragraph, then answer the questions below them.
A. One of the most immediate and obvious consequences of global warming is the increase in temperatures around the world.
B. That year Earth's surface temperature was 0.99 degrees Celsius warmer than the average across the entire 20th century.
C. Before 2016, 2015 was the warmest year on record, globally.
D. The average global temperature has increased by about 0.8 degrees Celsius over the past 100 years.
E. Since record-keeping began in 1895, the hottest year on record worldwide was 2016, according to NOAA and NASA data.

Which of these should be the FOURTH sentence after rearrangement?

Accepted Answer

To find the fourth sentence, identify the logical flow and connections between sentences. Determine the opening sentence, then sequence the subsequent sentences based on pronouns, conjunctions, and thematic links to complete the paragraph.

Question 19

Directions (Qs 1-8): Read the passage given below and then answer the questions given below the passage. Some words may be highlighted for your attention. Pay careful attention.
Mumbai, often referred to as the financial capital of India, is not only known for its
bustling
markets, impressive skyline, and vibrant culture but also for its remarkably complex and extensive railway network. The Mumbai Railway, or Mumbai Suburban Railway, forms the lifeline of the city, ferrying millions of commuters daily across its sprawling length and breadth. This suburban rail system is one of the oldest and busiest railway networks in Asia and plays a crucial role in the functioning of Mumbai. The Mumbai Suburban Railway is operated by Indian Railways' two divisions: the Western Railways (WR) and the Central Railways (CR). With a history dating back to 1853, when the first train ran from Bori Bunder (now Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus) to Thane, the railway has grown exponentially. Today, it serves not only as a mode of transport but also as a cultural microcosm, reflecting the diverse population of Mumbai. The network covers a
substantial
distance with its three main lines: the Western Line, Central Line, and Harbour Line. The Western Line runs parallel to the west coast of Mumbai, from Churchgate to Dahanu Road. The Central Line stretches from Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus to Kasara and Khopoli, while the Harbour Line branches off from the Central Line and extends to both Panvel and Goregaon, covering Navi Mumbai in the process. The suburban trains, often referred to as "locals," are the backbone of daily travel for more than 7.5 million commuters. The trains are designed in a way to handle the city's high traffic demands, with runs spaced as little as three minutes apart during peak hours. Despite being crowded, they remain the fastest and most efficient means of transport within the city. Each train comprises a series of ‘coaches’ that include general, first-class, women's, senior citizens', and disabled coaches to cater to different segments of the population. One of the most significant developments in recent years has been the introduction of the Mumbai Metro and the Monorail, designed to complement the existing railway system and ease congestion. However, the suburban railway remains unmatched in its reach and utility. The local trains have seen several upgrades over the years, including the introduction of new, more comfortable and faster trains. Safety remains a critical concern for the Mumbai Railway, given the massive volume of passengers. Efforts have been made continuously to improve safety standards, including the introduction of advanced signalling systems, improved station facilities, and increased security measures. Trespassing on tracks, overcrowding, and accidents at level crossings remain challenges that the authorities strive to manage. Mumbai Railway has not only economic significance but also cultural importance. The daily commute on these trains is a unique experience, with vendors selling everything from snacks to electronics on board, and performers entertaining evening commuters. It is a space where people from all walks of life come together, creating a unique sense of community. The stations themselves, many of which are historic, serve as landmarks and are an integral part of the city's identity. Among the most famous of these is the Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus, a UNESCO World Heritage Site known for its Victorian Gothic architecture. Built in 1887, the station is a bustling terminus serving both long-distance and suburban trains, symbolizing the grandeur and heritage of Mumbai. In conclusion, the Mumbai Suburban Railway is not just a transit system but a dynamic entity that reflects the spirit of Mumbai. It plays a fundamental role in the daily lives of its residents, shaping the city's rhythm and contributing to its identity.

According to the passage, which of the following statements is incorrect?A) The Harbour Line does not extend to Navi Mumbai.B) The Mumbai Metro and Monorail are designed to complement the suburban railway.C) Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus was built in 1887.

Accepted Answer

The passage states the Harbour Line extends to Navi Mumbai. Therefore, statement A is incorrect. Statements B and C are explicitly mentioned as correct in the passage.

Question 20

Directions (Qs 1-9): Carefully read the provided passage to respond to the subsequent questions. Each question will present five answer options. Select the appropriate option as your answer.
Pink Tax is commonly used to describe a situation wherein things associated with women are priced higher than those with men. Generally speaking, women pay more than males for similar items. The pink tax is not enforced by the government but by the businesses selling the products. According to experts, the pricing disparity is due to market forces. The pink tax has long imposed an economic burden on women around the world—especially
since
women continue to earn less than men.
According to a study _________ the New York City Department of Consumer Affairs in 2015, women's products are typically more expensive than men's without a proper reason. The study concluded that products explicitly marketed for women cost seven per cent more on average than products sold for men. This discrepancy includes apparel, toys, and healthcare products, among other things. The largest discrepancy came to personal care/hygiene products, where women's products cost 13 per cent more than men's.
Several countries have investigated the pink tax, including Argentina, France, Germany, the UK, Australia, and Italy. For example, in the UK, it was found that women and girls were being charged, on average, 37 per cent more for toys, cosmetics, and clothes than their male counterparts. In the UK, girls' school uniforms were also 12 per cent more expensive than boys' uniforms. In Singapore, a check by the Sunday Times on 10 companies found that women pay more for some products and services, such as dry cleaning and razors, offered by around half of these companies. Additionally, women in Singapore have to pay more premiums for Careshield Life, a national long-term care insurance scheme introduced by the government.
Examples of pink tax in India include salon services, personal care goods such as shampoos, soaps, and deodorants, as well as clothing, toys, and accessories such as jewelry. Presently, women are heavily exploited by vegan products and non-animal-tested cosmetics that are significantly more expensive, a
form
of taxation.

Which of the following expresses the same meaning of the word given in bold?in the UK, it was found that women and girls were beingcharged

Accepted Answer

The word 'charged' in this context means to demand an amount as a price for a service or goods. 'Imposed' means to force (something unwelcome or unfamiliar) to be accepted or put in place. Thus, 'imposed' is the closest synonym.