Q1easySimilar Sounding
Consider the following types of vehicles :
I. Full battery electric vehicles
II. Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles
III. Fuel cell electric hybrid vehicles
How many of the above are considered as alternative powertrain vehicles?
(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) All the three
(d) None
Answer: (c)
Trap: Similar Sounding
Candidates may think 'fuel cell electric hybrid' is not a separate category from hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, or may confuse 'alternative powertrain' as applying only to fully electric vehicles, leading them to pick (b) Only two.
Q2easyAbsolute Qualifier
With reference to Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), consider the following statements :
I. All types of UAVs can do vertical landing.
II. All types of UAVs can do automated hovering.
III. All types of UAVs can use battery only as a source of power supply.
How many of the statements given above are correct?
(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) All the three
(d) None
Answer: (d)
Trap: Absolute Qualifier
The keyword 'All types' is the absolute qualifier trap. Fixed-wing UAVs cannot hover or do vertical landing, and many UAVs use fuel engines. Candidates who think of only multirotor drones may mark (c).
Q3moderateCommon Misconception
In the context of electric vehicle batteries, consider the following elements :
I. Cobalt
II. Graphite
III. Lithium
IV. Nickel
How many of the above usually make up battery cathodes?
(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) Only three
(d) All the four
Answer: (c)
Trap: Common Misconception
Graphite is used in battery anodes, not cathodes. Candidates who know all four are 'battery materials' but don't distinguish cathode vs anode will pick (d) All four.
Q5easyPartial Truth
Consider the following substances :
I. Ethanol
II. Nitroglycerine
III. Urea
Coal gasification technology can be used in the production of how many of them?
(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) All the three
(d) None
Answer: (b)
Trap: Partial Truth
Coal gasification produces syngas (CO + H2), which can be used to make ethanol (via Fischer-Tropsch or fermentation routes) and urea (via ammonia synthesis from H2). Nitroglycerine requires glycerol + nitric acid; while nitric acid can be derived from syngas route, the direct association is weaker. Candidates may pick (c) thinking all chemical synthesis traces back to syngas.
Q6hardSimilar Sounding
What is the common characteristic of the chemical substances generally known as CL-20, HMX and LLM-105, which are sometimes talked about in media?
(a) These are alternatives to hydrofluorocarbon refrigerants
(b) These are explosives in military weapons
(c) These are high-energy fuels for cruise missiles
(d) These are fuels for rocket propulsion
Answer: (b)
Trap: Similar Sounding
Options (c) and (d) sound plausible because 'high-energy' compounds are associated with both explosives and propulsion. Candidates may confuse explosives with propellants/fuels. CL-20 and HMX are specifically explosives, not fuels.
Q7moderate
Consider the following statements :
I. It is expected that Majorana 1 chip will enable quantum computing.
II. Majorana 1 chip has been introduced by Amazon Web Services (AWS).
III. Deep learning is a subset of machine learning.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) I and II only
(b) II and III only
(c) I and III only
(d) I, II and III
Answer: (c)
Q8moderate
With reference to monoclonal antibodies, often mentioned in news, consider the following statements :
I. They are man-made proteins.
II. They stimulate immunological function due to their ability to bind to specific antigens.
III. They are used in treating viral infections like that of Nipah virus.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) I and II only
(b) II and III only
(c) I and III only
(d) I, II and III
Answer: (d)
Q9moderate
Consider the following statements :
I. No virus can survive in ocean waters.
II. No virus can infect bacteria.
III. No virus can change the cellular transcriptional activity in host cells.
How many of the statements given above are correct?
(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) All the three
(d) None
Answer: (d)
Q10moderateAbsolute Qualifier
Consider the following statements :
Statement I :
Activated carbon is a good and an attractive tool to remove pollutants from effluent streams and to remediate contaminants from various industries.
Statement II :
Activated carbon exhibits a large surface area and a strong potential for adsorbing heavy metals.
Statement III :
Activated carbon can be easily synthesized from environmental wastes with high carbon content.
Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?
(a) Both Statement II and Statement III are correct and both of them explain Statement I
(b) Both Statement II and Statement III are correct but only one of them explains Statement I
(c) Only one of the Statements II and III is correct and that explains Statement I
(d) Neither Statement II nor Statement III is correct
Answer: (a)
Trap: Absolute Qualifier
Candidates may think Statement III (synthesis from waste) does not explain why activated carbon is a good pollutant remover (Statement I). But III explains the 'attractive tool' part - it's attractive because it can be made cheaply from waste. Both II and III explain different aspects of Statement I.
Q11moderateAbsolute Qualifier
Consider the following statements :
Statement I :
Studies indicate that carbon dioxide emissions from cement industry account for more than 5% of global carbon emissions.
Statement II :
Silica-bearing clay is mixed with limestone while manufacturing cement.
Statement III :
Limestone is converted into lime during clinker production for cement manufacturing.
Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?
(a) Both Statement II and Statement III are correct and both of them explain Statement I
(b) Both Statement II and Statement III are correct but only one of them explains Statement I
(c) Only one of the Statements II and III is correct and that explains Statement I
(d) Neither Statement II nor Statement III is correct
Answer: (a)
Trap: Absolute Qualifier
Candidates may think only Statement III (limestone to lime releases CO2) explains emissions, and Statement II (mixing clay with limestone) doesn't. But heating the silica-clay-limestone mix also requires enormous energy (burning fossil fuels), contributing to CO2. Both explain Statement I from different angles.
Q54moderateAbsolute Qualifier
GPS-Aided Geo Augmented Navigation (GAGAN) uses a system of ground stations to provide necessary augmentation. Which of the following statements is/are correct in respect of GAGAN?
I. It is designed to provide additional accuracy and integrity.
II. It will allow more uniform and high quality air traffic management.
III. It will provide benefits only in aviation but not in other modes of transportation.
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
(a) I, II and III
(b) II and III only
(c) I only
(d) I and II only
Answer: (d)
Trap: Absolute Qualifier
Statement III uses 'only in aviation' - GAGAN has applications in road transport, maritime, railways too. The word 'only' makes it incorrect. Candidates focused on aviation context may accept III and pick (a).
Q61easy
Consider the following statements :
Statement I :
Some rare earth elements are used in the manufacture of flat television screens and computer monitors.
Statement II :
Some rare earth elements have phosphorescent properties.
Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?
(a) Both Statement I and Statement II are correct and Statement II explains Statement I
(b) Both Statement I and Statement II are correct but Statement II does not explain Statement I
(c) Statement I is correct but Statement II is not correct
(d) Statement I is not correct but Statement II is correct
Answer: (a)
Q62easyPartial Truth
Consider the following statements :
I. Indian Railways have prepared a National Rail Plan (NRP) to create a future ready railway system by 2028.
II. 'Kavach' is an Automatic Train Protection system developed in collaboration with Germany.
III. 'Kavach' system consists of RFID tags fitted on track in station section.
Which of the statements given above are not correct?
(a) I and II only
(b) II and III only
(c) I and III only
(d) I, II and III
Answer: (d)
Trap: Partial Truth
I is wrong - NRP target year is 2030, not 2028. II is wrong - Kavach is indigenously developed by RDSO (not with Germany). III is wrong - Kavach uses radio communication (not RFID tags). Each statement has a subtle factual error that sounds plausible. The negative framing adds difficulty.
Q63moderateAbsolute Qualifier
Consider the following space missions :
I. Axiom-4
II. SpaDeX
III. Gaganyaan
How many of the space missions given above encourage and support microgravity research?
(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) All the three
(d) None
Answer: (c)
Trap: Absolute Qualifier
SpaDeX (Space Docking Experiment) is primarily about docking technology, so candidates may not associate it with microgravity research, picking (b). However, SpaDeX also carries microgravity experiment payloads as a secondary objective.
Q64moderateCommon Misconception
With reference to India's defence, consider the following pairs :
Aircraft type — Description
I. Dornier-228 : Maritime patrol aircraft
II. IL-76 : Supersonic combat aircraft
III. C-17 Globemaster III : Military transport aircraft
How many of the pairs given above are correctly matched?
(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) All the three
(d) None
Answer: (b)
Trap: Common Misconception
IL-76 is a strategic military TRANSPORT aircraft, NOT a supersonic combat aircraft. It's a large cargo plane. Candidates unfamiliar with military aircraft may accept the 'combat' label for a Russian military plane. Dornier-228 (maritime patrol) and C-17 (transport) are correctly matched.
Q65moderate
Artificial way of causing rainfall to reduce air pollution makes use of
(a) silver iodide and potassium iodide
(b) silver nitrate and potassium iodide
(c) silver iodide and potassium nitrate
(d) silver nitrate and potassium chloride
Answer: (a)